An employee who feels harassed, discriminated or otherwise treated unfairly at his workplace may learn the term “constructive discharge” from his co-workers or from doing his own research, and will assume that quitting a job where he feels harassed or stressed out will automatically create a constructive discharge claim, entitling…
One of the challenging in proving the workplace retaliation claim against an employee is showing a nexus – a connection between the employee’s protected activity and the adverse employment action taken by the employer against the same employee. The employer will almost always deny retaliation and will always argue that…
On February 23, 2004, the City of San Francisco established a minimum hourly wage for the employees pursuant to Administrative Code section 12R (the Minimum Wage Ordinance or MWO). Under MWO section 12R.4, San Francisco employers shall pay to employees no less than the minimum wage for each hour worked…
The California courts have long recognized that fact that direct evidence of discrimination or retaliation at workplace is rarely available. Employers whose mindset and who actions are discriminatory will rarely admit it to other or to themselves and will of course almost never openly tell an employee: “I am terminating…
Under California Labor Code and a number of orders of the Industrial Welfare Commission, almost all employees (with few exceptions), who work for over 5 hours are entitled to a meal break of at least 30 minutes. The only way the employer may be relieved from this obligation is that…
In 1994, the California legislature enacted Civil Code section 51.9 to address the relationship between providers of professional services and their clients. The statute sets out a non-exclusive list of such providers, which includes physicians, psychiatrists, dentists, attorneys, real estate agents, accountants, bankers, building contractors, executors, trustees, landlords, and teacher;…
Under California law, an employer is not liable for harassment or workplace discrimination committed by the victim’s worker if the employer did not know or had no reason to know that the unlawful conduct took place. This means that to protect yourself during employment and to make sure that you…
One of employers’ favorite ways of retaliating against employees or creating a paper trail for terminating a worker who complains about harassment or discrimination or who demands to have the opportunity to exercise his disability rights at workplace, is by engaging in a campaign of issuing negative performance reviews. This…
It is not uncommon for an employer to unlawfully retaliate against an employee not through a single, major act, such as suspension, demotion or termination of employment, but through series of less obvious acts that tend to negatively affect the victim employee’s performance, motivation and cause him or her a…
It is a common practice for many employers, especially the larger employers, such as the software companies in San Francisco and Silicon Valley, to offer a severance package to the employees who are about to be laid off due to downsizing or restructuring. The amount of severance depends on several…